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Summary Of: Astronomical seeing

Astronomical seeing has several effects... There are three common descriptions of the astronomical seeing conditions at an observatory... The astronomical seeing conditions at an observatory can be well described by the parameters r... give an accurate model of the effects of astronomical seeing on images taken through ground... A more thorough description of the astronomical seeing at an observatory is given by producing a profile of the turbulence strength as a...

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Schematic diagram illustrating how optical wavefronts from a distant star may be perturbed by a turbulent layer in the atmosphere. The vertical scale of the wavefronts plotted is highly exaggerated. | | twinkling | turbulence | full width at half maximum | point spread function | angular resolution | optical telescope | arcseconds | Mauna Kea | La Palma | FWHM of the seeing disc | telescopes | adaptive optics | | Zeta Boötis | point sources | speckle imaging | scintillation | astronomical interferometer | adaptive optics | canals on Mars | charge-coupled devices | infra-red | diffraction | Earth's atmosphere | exposure time | diameter | full width at half maximum | | arcseconds | convection | observatories | active optics | David L. Fried | Simulated negative image showing what a single (point-like) star would look like through a ground-based telescope with a diameter of 2r0. Diffraction makes the image appear blurred. The atmosphere would make the blob move around very rapidly, so that in a long-exposure photograph it would appear more blurred. | | Diffraction | Simulated negative image showing what a single (point-like) star would look like through a ground-based telescope with a diameter of 7r0, on the same angular scale as the 2r0 image above. The atmosphere makes the image break up into several blobs (speckles). The speckles move around very rapidly, so that in a long-exposure photograph the star would appear as a single blurred blob. | | Simulated negative image showing what a single (point-like) star would look like through a ground-based telescope with a diameter of 20r0. The atmosphere makes the image break up into several blobs (speckles). The speckles move around very rapidly, so that in a long-exposure photograph the star would appear as a single blurred blob. | | Tatarski (1961) | Andreï Kolmogorov | references below | references below | Fried (1965) | Noll (1976) | zenith | Astronomical observatories are generally situated on mountaintops, as the air at ground level is usually more convective. A light wind bringing stable air from high above the clouds and ocean generally provides the best seeing conditions (telescope shown: NOT). | | NOT | An animated image of the Moon's surface showing the effects of Earth's atmosphere on the view | Moon | speckle imaging | NASA | Hubble Space Telescope | interferometers | Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer | Cambridge Optical Aperture Synthesis Telescope | adaptive optics | Lucky Imaging | World War II | adaptive optics | Transient lunar phenomenon | Mirage | Clear Sky Clock | doi | Categories | Astronomical imaging | Observational astronomy | Observing the Moon | Speckle imaging |
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Astronomical seeing".